Once it is inside the abdomen the distal end can take various shapes just like serpent. Retractor is introduced in abdominal cavity when it is straight. This liver retractor has a distal end which can be rotated by moving handle. Cuschieri liver retractor is one of them which is very useful in Fundoplication. There are many newer variety of retractors are available now a days which are less traumatic. These retractors are used to retract Liver, Stomach, Spleen or bowel whenever they interfere in vision or they come in way of other working instrument. Aspiration needle should be inserted inside the abdominal cavity with extreme precaution because if the pathway of entry or exit is ignored it can cause perforation of viscera. It may be used for drilling of polycystic ovary. These lo needle is used in laparoscopy to aspirate fluid from distended ovarian cysts, gall bladder, or any localized pocket of pus in liver. The detail principle of electrosurgery is discussed in chapter of laparoscopic dissection techniques of this book. Both the jaw of bipolar is insulated and the patient return plate is not necessary to be attached. It is safe compare to monopolar current because electron travels only through the tissue held between the jaw and patient body is not a part of circuit. These blunt electrosurgical instruments are also used for fulguration at the time of ablation of endometriosis.īipolar forceps are one of the very important electrosurgical instruments in minimal access surgery. These blunt electrodes are particularly useful when there is generalized oozing of blood and surgeon can not see specific bleeder point eg bleeding from the gallbladder bed at the time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. ![]() Some ball shaped, Barrel shaped or straight coagulation electrodes are also available to achieve proper haemostatis. Hooks are also of various shapes eg "L" shaped, "J" shaped or "U" shaped. Spatula and hook is the main electrode used for monopolar cutting and coagulation. The toothed punch biopsy forceps has special teeth which prevent accidental drop of tissue inside the abdominal cavity. Punch, Cutting and Dissecting biopsy forceps are used to take biopsies at the time of laparoscopic surgery. However a sharp curved scissors is better and safer than the endoknife for the choledochotomy. Great care is required during incision and removal of the knife. ![]() A small, clean cut, linear stab wound is created in the anterior wall. The most common use of the knife is for opening the hepatic duct or common bile duct during exploration for stones. In our practice a disposable blade (Beaver) is mounted on a metal rod, which has a socket at the distal end into which it can be screwed. ![]() However it does have some important uses The knife is not used frequently in endoscopic surgery due to the problems associated with the safety of a blade, which cannot be closed or deactivated. These may be fitted with one or two silastic rings. Uterine manipulator is used in most of the advance gynaecological procedures.įallop ring applicator is used for application of silastic ring to perform tubeligation. Uterine manipulator is one of the very essential instruments for mobilization of the uterus, identification of the fornices and sealing during hysterectomy. READ ABOUT LAPAROSCOPIC EQUIPMENT AND INSTRUMENTS
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